Renaissance, Science, And Exploration The World Remade

Robert A. Petersen Professor Wade Hampton CH202-1003 Mon / Wed, 12:30–1:45 21 October 2015 Mid-term Exam Renaissance, Science, and Exploration: The World Remade The period of the Reformation roughly overlaps that of the Renaissance, but the two movements are distinct. How so? Discuss three major figures of the Reformation. What forms of Christianity came into being as a result of the Reformation? Compare and contrast Catholicism and the Protestant religions that rose against it. What was the Catholic reaction to the Reformation? The Reformation and the Renaissance were both major movements in Europe that changed the course of Western civilization, and despite overlapping time periods were largely set apart from one†¦show more content†¦In this text, Luther argued against the Church practice of selling indulgences in lieu of penance. Believing that only God, and not purchased Papal pardons can forgive sin Luther argues: The Pope cannot remit any guilt, except by declaring and showing that it has been remitted by God†¦Papal indulgences must be preached with caution, lest people erroneously think that they are preferable to other good works of love (Readings 96). After being translated from Latin, Luther’s writings spread throughout Europe due to the growing availability of the printing press sparking revolts against Papal authority, and after refusing to recant Luther found himself excommunicated. The ideas presented in Ninety-Five Theses, and other Luther writings would result in Luther forming his own Church that taught salvation could be obtained through living a pious life, and doing good works presenting a threat to the authority of the Church with the idea that supreme religious authority came from the Bible alone, and not from the Pope or Church officials. John Calvin was a second generation Protestant reformer who fled to Switzerland after coming under the notice of French authorities. The teachings of John Calvin would form the basis of a religion in his name called Calvinism. Thinking as Luther had that the Bible should be the root of religion, Calvin nonetheless differed from